Picric acid
Picric acid (CAS 88-89-1), chemically known as 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, is a highly nitrated phenol compound with the linear formula (O₂N)₃C₆H₂OH and a molecular weight of 229.10 g/mol. This yellow crystalline solid is an important organic building block and is known for its explosive nature when dry. It finds application in various chemical syntheses and as a staining agent in microscopy.
- IUPAC
- 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol,PA
- Synonyms
- 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol2-Hydroxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzenePikrinsäure (German)Ácido pícrico (Spanish)Acide picrique (French)Carbazotic AcidC.I. 10305LydditeMelinitePertitephenol trinitratePicronitric acidTrinitrophenol
Dye and Pigment Synthesis
Picric acid serves as a precursor or intermediate in the synthesis of certain dyes and pigments, owing to its nitrated aromatic structure. Its Colour Index number is 10305.
Chemical Reagent and Indicator
Historically used as a pH indicator, picric acid's acidic nature allows it to react with bases, forming coloured salts. It is also employed in analytical chemistry for the detection of certain substances.
Histology and Microscopy Stains
As a mordant dye, picric acid is used in histology and cytology for staining tissue samples. It helps to fix and stain cellular structures, enhancing their visibility under a microscope.
Organic Synthesis
This compound acts as a valuable building block in organic synthesis, facilitating the introduction of the trinitrophenyl group into various molecules for further chemical transformations.
| Molecular weight | 229.10 |
|---|---|
| Linear formula | (O2N)3C6H2OH |
| Assay | ≥98% |
| Grade | purum |
| Solubility | alcohol: soluble1 (g/12 mL)(lit.)benzene: soluble1 g/10 mLchloroform: soluble1 (g/35 mL)diethyl ether: soluble1 (g/65 mL) |
| Vapour pressure | 1 mmHg (195 °C) |
| Vapour density | 7.9 (vs air) |
| Melting point | 122-123 °C (dried material, Lit. Merck Index 12th Ed.)(lit.) |
| Contains / stabiliser | 35% water |
Hazard statements
- H228Flammable solid
- H302Harmful if swallowed
- H311Toxic in contact with skin
Precautionary statements
- P210Keep away from heat, sparks and open flames. No smoking
- P280Wear protective gloves, clothing and eye/face protection
- P301IF SWALLOWED
- P312Call a POISON CENTER if you feel unwell
| Protective equipment | Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges |
|---|---|
| Flash point | 150 °C / 302 °F |
| Transport (UN / ADR) | UN 1344 4.1 / PGI |
| Water hazard class (WGK, DE) | 2 |
| Hazard codes (EU) | F,T |
| Risk statements (R) | 1-4-11-23/24/25 |
| Safety statements (S) | 35-36/37-45 |
| Supplemental hazards | Explosive when dry. |
Hazard information is provided for guidance. Always consult the product Safety Data Sheet (SDS), available on request, before handling.
| Colour Index Number | 10305 |
|---|---|
| Quality | moistened with ≥40% water |
| Expl Lim | 0.01 % |
Documentation
Every batch ships with a Certificate of Analysis covering assay, identity and purity; the grade is confirmed against your enquiry. Safety Data Sheets and technical data sheets are available on request.
Supply & logistics
Samples for technical evaluation; bulk MOQ by grade and packaging. In-stock material ships in 7–10 working days, worldwide, with full export documentation.
What is Picric acid used for?
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Picric acid (CAS 88-89-1) is used as a dye and pigment intermediate, a chemical reagent and indicator, in histology for staining, and as a building block in organic synthesis.
What is the CAS number and formula for Picric acid?
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The CAS number for Picric acid is 88-89-1, and its linear formula is (O₂N)₃C₆H₂OH.
What grade and purity does Tech Serve Solutions supply?
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Tech Serve Solutions supplies Picric acid at a purum grade with an assay of ≥98%. It is supplied moistened with ≥40% water.
How should Picric acid be handled safely?
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Picric acid is explosive when dry and is harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Handle with extreme care, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment including eyeshields, gloves, and a P2 respirator. Avoid conditions that may lead to drying, as this significantly increases the explosion risk.
How is Picric acid packed and exported?
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Picric acid is shipped as UN 1344, classified under hazard class 4.1, Packing Group I. It is supplied moistened with at least 35% water to mitigate explosion risks during transport and handling. We are experienced global exporters.
How can I request a quote or sample for Picric acid?
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To request a quote or a sample of Picric acid, please contact our sales team through the website or by phone, providing your specific requirements.
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